This version of Visual Studio does not have the following project types installed or does not support them

You might come across instances where you get the below message when opening SharePoint solutions in Visual Studio 2012.

"This version of Visual Studio does not have the following project types installed or does not support them"

1) The immediate remedy that pops into mind is to update the Visual Studio 2012 version.

The latest update for Visual Studio 2012, as of now is Update 4 (Released: November 13, 2013). Could get it from the link:  Visual Studio 2012 Update

2) Once that's done, you might get the following message on project load.

"An error occurred while trying to load some required components. Please ensure that prerequisite components are installed"

• Microsoft Web Developer Tools
• Microsoft Exchange Web Services

Possibilities are that either

  You don't have the "Microsoft Office Developer Tools for Visual Studio 2012" OR

  The installed tool is not complete.

Solution:

• If the tool is already installed, uninstall through Control panel,
• Download  Web Platform Installer   
• Use the Web Platform Installer to install the tool.